: The attacker appends that role name to the URL: /latest/meta-data/iam/security-credentials/web-application-production-role .
Because this endpoint returns sensitive credentials without requiring an initial password, it is a primary target for attackers.
aws ec2 modify-instance-attribute --instance-id i-xxxxxx --metadata-options "HttpTokens=required,HttpEndpoint=enabled" Use code with caution. 2. Restrict IAM Roles (Least Privilege)
These credentials are (typically expiring between 1 and 12 hours), but within that window, they grant the same permissions as the attached IAM role.
The IMDSv2 workflow is a two-step process:
Several high-profile cloud breaches involved the metadata service:
: If an IAM Role is attached to the instance, this endpoint lists the name of that role.
To access metadata under IMDSv2, a client must first issue a PUT request to retrieve a secret token.
: Sending a request to this endpoint returns the name of the IAM (Identity and Access Management) role attached to the EC2 instance (e.g., web-application-production-role ).
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: The attacker appends that role name to the URL: /latest/meta-data/iam/security-credentials/web-application-production-role .
Because this endpoint returns sensitive credentials without requiring an initial password, it is a primary target for attackers.
aws ec2 modify-instance-attribute --instance-id i-xxxxxx --metadata-options "HttpTokens=required,HttpEndpoint=enabled" Use code with caution. 2. Restrict IAM Roles (Least Privilege)
These credentials are (typically expiring between 1 and 12 hours), but within that window, they grant the same permissions as the attached IAM role.
The IMDSv2 workflow is a two-step process:
Several high-profile cloud breaches involved the metadata service:
: If an IAM Role is attached to the instance, this endpoint lists the name of that role.
To access metadata under IMDSv2, a client must first issue a PUT request to retrieve a secret token.
: Sending a request to this endpoint returns the name of the IAM (Identity and Access Management) role attached to the EC2 instance (e.g., web-application-production-role ).
